EIA Open Data API

openapi: 3.1.0
info:
  title: U.S. Energy Information Administration Open Data API
  description: >-
    The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Open Data API v2 provides
    free programmatic access to EIA's open energy data, including time-series
    datasets organized by energy category. The API uses a hierarchical route
    structure where each route corresponds to a category or dataset, and
    metadata about child routes, available facets, frequencies, and data
    columns is returned by querying any parent route. An API key, obtained via
    free registration at https://www.eia.gov/opendata/register.php, is required
    on every request and must be supplied as a URL query parameter.
  version: '2.1'
  contact:
    name: EIA Open Data
    url: https://www.eia.gov/opendata/
    email: [email protected]
  license:
    name: EIA Copyrights and Reuse Policy
    url: https://www.eia.gov/about/copyrights_reuse.php
servers:
  - url: https://api.eia.gov/v2
    description: EIA Open Data API v2 production server
security:
  - apiKeyQuery: []
tags:
  - name: Discovery
    description: Browse the API tree to discover available routes, facets, and metadata.
  - name: Electricity
    description: Electricity generation, retail sales, and balancing authority data.
  - name: Natural Gas
    description: Natural gas production, prices, storage, and trade data.
  - name: Petroleum
    description: Crude oil reserves, refining, consumption, and stocks data.
  - name: Coal
    description: Coal production, shipments, consumption, and trade data.
  - name: Nuclear
    description: Nuclear plant generator outage data.
  - name: Total Energy
    description: Comprehensive energy summaries across all sources.
  - name: International
    description: International energy statistics and projections.
  - name: SEDS
    description: State Energy Data System.
  - name: CO2 Emissions
    description: CO2 emissions aggregates by state and sector.
paths:
  /:
    get:
      operationId: getRoot
      summary: List top-level data categories
      description: >-
        Returns metadata for the top-level routes available in the API,
        including descriptions and child route identifiers.
      tags:
        - Discovery
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Root metadata response.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RouteMetadata'
  /electricity:
    get:
      operationId: getElectricityRoutes
      summary: List electricity child routes
      description: >-
        Returns the available child routes under the electricity category,
        such as retail sales, generation, and balancing authority data.
      tags:
        - Electricity
        - Discovery
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Electricity routes metadata.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RouteMetadata'
  /electricity/retail-sales/data:
    get:
      operationId: getElectricityRetailSales
      summary: Query electricity retail sales time series
      description: >-
        Returns electricity retail sales time-series data filtered by
        state, sector, frequency, and date range.
      tags:
        - Electricity
      parameters:
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Frequency'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/DataArray'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Start'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/End'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Offset'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Length'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Out'
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Time-series response.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/SeriesResponse'
  /natural-gas:
    get:
      operationId: getNaturalGasRoutes
      summary: List natural gas child routes
      description: Returns child routes for natural gas datasets.
      tags:
        - Natural Gas
        - Discovery
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Natural gas routes metadata.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RouteMetadata'
  /natural-gas/pri/sum/data:
    get:
      operationId: getNaturalGasPriceSummary
      summary: Query natural gas price summary
      description: Returns natural gas price summary time series.
      tags:
        - Natural Gas
      parameters:
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Frequency'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/DataArray'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Start'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/End'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Offset'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Length'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Out'
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Time-series response.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/SeriesResponse'
  /petroleum:
    get:
      operationId: getPetroleumRoutes
      summary: List petroleum child routes
      description: Returns child routes for petroleum datasets.
      tags:
        - Petroleum
        - Discovery
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Petroleum routes metadata.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RouteMetadata'
  /petroleum/pri/gnd/data:
    get:
      operationId: getPetroleumGasolineDieselPrices
      summary: Query gasoline and diesel retail prices
      description: Returns gasoline and diesel retail price time series.
      tags:
        - Petroleum
      parameters:
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Frequency'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/DataArray'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Start'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/End'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Offset'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Length'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Out'
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Time-series response.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/SeriesResponse'
  /coal:
    get:
      operationId: getCoalRoutes
      summary: List coal child routes
      description: Returns child routes for coal datasets.
      tags:
        - Coal
        - Discovery
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Coal routes metadata.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RouteMetadata'
  /nuclear-outages:
    get:
      operationId: getNuclearOutagesRoutes
      summary: List nuclear outage child routes
      description: Returns child routes for nuclear plant generator outages.
      tags:
        - Nuclear
        - Discovery
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Nuclear outages routes metadata.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RouteMetadata'
  /total-energy/data:
    get:
      operationId: getTotalEnergy
      summary: Query total energy time series
      description: Returns aggregated total energy time-series data across all sources.
      tags:
        - Total Energy
      parameters:
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Frequency'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/DataArray'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Start'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/End'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Offset'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Length'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Out'
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Time-series response.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/SeriesResponse'
  /international:
    get:
      operationId: getInternationalRoutes
      summary: List international child routes
      description: Returns child routes for international energy statistics.
      tags:
        - International
        - Discovery
      responses:
        '200':
          description: International routes metadata.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/RouteMetadata'
  /seds/data:
    get:
      operationId: getStateEnergyData
      summary: Query State Energy Data System time series
      description: Returns SEDS time-series data by state and energy series.
      tags:
        - SEDS
      parameters:
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Frequency'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/DataArray'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Start'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/End'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Offset'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Length'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Out'
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Time-series response.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/SeriesResponse'
  /co2-emissions/co2-emissions-aggregates/data:
    get:
      operationId: getCO2EmissionsAggregates
      summary: Query CO2 emissions aggregates
      description: Returns CO2 emissions aggregate time series by state, sector, and fuel.
      tags:
        - CO2 Emissions
      parameters:
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Frequency'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/DataArray'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Start'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/End'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Offset'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Length'
        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/Out'
      responses:
        '200':
          description: Time-series response.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                $ref: '#/components/schemas/SeriesResponse'
components:
  securitySchemes:
    apiKeyQuery:
      type: apiKey
      in: query
      name: api_key
      description: >-
        Free API key obtained at https://www.eia.gov/opendata/register.php.
        Must be supplied on every request as the api_key URL parameter.
  parameters:
    Frequency:
      name: frequency
      in: query
      description: Periodicity of returned data (annual, monthly, quarterly, daily).
      required: false
      schema:
        type: string
        enum:
          - annual
          - quarterly
          - monthly
          - weekly
          - daily
          - hourly
    DataArray:
      name: data[]
      in: query
      description: Columns to include in the response (repeat for multiple columns).
      required: false
      schema:
        type: array
        items:
          type: string
      style: form
      explode: true
    Start:
      name: start
      in: query
      description: Inclusive start of the date range (format depends on frequency, e.g. YYYY-MM-DD).
      required: false
      schema:
        type: string
    End:
      name: end
      in: query
      description: Inclusive end of the date range (format depends on frequency, e.g. YYYY-MM-DD).
      required: false
      schema:
        type: string
    Offset:
      name: offset
      in: query
      description: Pagination offset (zero-based row index).
      required: false
      schema:
        type: integer
        minimum: 0
    Length:
      name: length
      in: query
      description: Maximum number of rows to return (5,000 max for JSON, 300 max for XML).
      required: false
      schema:
        type: integer
        maximum: 5000
    Out:
      name: out
      in: query
      description: Output format.
      required: false
      schema:
        type: string
        enum:
          - json
          - xml
        default: json
  schemas:
    RouteMetadata:
      type: object
      description: Metadata about a route, including its child routes, facets, and frequencies.
      properties:
        response:
          type: object
          properties:
            id:
              type: string
            name:
              type: string
            description:
              type: string
            routes:
              type: array
              items:
                type: object
                properties:
                  id:
                    type: string
                  name:
                    type: string
                  description:
                    type: string
            frequency:
              type: array
              items:
                type: object
            facets:
              type: array
              items:
                type: object
            data:
              type: object
        request:
          type: object
        apiVersion:
          type: string
    SeriesResponse:
      type: object
      description: Time-series data response.
      properties:
        response:
          type: object
          properties:
            total:
              type: integer
              description: Total rows available for the query.
            dateFormat:
              type: string
            frequency:
              type: string
            data:
              type: array
              items:
                type: object
                additionalProperties: true
        request:
          type: object
        apiVersion:
          type: string